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From Risk to Opportunity: Fulfilling the Educational Needs of Hispanics in the 21st Century
Initiative on Educational Excellence for Hispanic Americans
Website: http://www.yesican.gov/paceea/final.html
Report: http://www.uc.edu/njrp/pdfs/Smith.pdf
In January 2003 the Census Bureau released new data showing that Hispanic Americans are now the largest minority group in the nation. Unfortunately, the Commission found that the nation is losing Hispanic American students all along the education continuum.

The present crisis not only threatens to leave behind yet another generation of Hispanic children, it will limit their mobility in the labor force and could jeopardize our country's ability to compete economically. The crisis requires us ensure educational excellence for Hispanic Americans now. The Commission recommends six strategies.

Educating for Bilingualism in Mexican Transnational Communities
NABE - National Association of Bilingual Education Journal of Research and Practice
http://www.uc.edu/njrp/pdfs/Smith.pdf
This position paper describes the educational situation facing retornado families and children, Mexican transnational immigrants moving between the New York City region and Puebla, Mexico. Following an overview of issues in transnational migration and education, we describe factors underlying the current lack of adequate first language and second language instruction for the Spanish-English bilinguals returning to live in Mexico. We offer suggestions for how Mexican educators can better serve transnational bilingual students through instruction, taking into account the views of parents and the need for teacher education which contemplates the specific linguistic, cultural, and academic needs of returning immigrant children.

A National Study of School Effectiveness for Language Minority Students’ Long-Term Academic Achievement
CREDE - Center for Research on Education, Diversity & Excellene
http://www.crede.ucsc.edu/research/llaa/1.1_final.html
Our research from 1985 to 2001 has focused on analyzing the great variety of education services provided for language minority (LM) students in U.S. public schools and the resulting long-term academic achievement of these students. This five-year research study (1996-2001) is our most recent overview of the types of U.S. school programs provided for these linguistically and culturally diverse students, especially focusing on English language learners’ (ELLs/LEPs) academic achievement in Grades K-12. This study includes qualitative and quantitative research findings from five urban and rural research sites in the northeast, northwest, south-central, and southeast U.S. It is designed to answer urgent policy questions of interest to the federal and state governments of the United States, since this demographic group is projected to be 40 percent of the school-age population by the 2030s and most U.S. schools are currently under-educating this student group. Overall, this research provides whole school district views of policy decision-making that is data-driven regarding designing, implementing, evaluating, and reforming the education of LM students.

The Improving Educational Profile of Latino Immigrants
Pew Hispanic Center Report
http://www.pewhispanic.org/site/docs/pdf/ImmigEd12-04-02Final2.pdf
A report showing more Hispanic immigrants are completing high school and earning college degrees, yet the education gap with native-born Americans remains wide. The report predicts the continued improvement of narrowing the education gap in the future. The report identifies key trends in each, the native-born American and immigrant, that are now working to narrow the gap.

Public or Private, Study Finds Schools Similar
Education Week
http://www.edweek.org/ew/ewstory.cfm?slug=19private.h22
The article explains the study claiming public and private schools differ in ways overlooked by critics (e.g., economic, social, cultural differences) and vary little in overall administration.

The Condition of Education 2002
National Center for Education Statistics, U.S. Department of Education, Office of Educational Research and Improvement
http://nces.ed.gov/programs/coe/statement/index.asp
The NCES collects, analyzes and reports data related to education in the U.S. and their reports include indicators such as: Black and white children enroll in early childhood education programs at highter rates than Hispanic children, and Hispanic students are the fastest growing student group in the nation's elementary and secondary schools.

Can Public Schools Learn From Private Schools? Case Studies in the Public & Private Nonprofit Sectors
http://epinet.org/books/privatepublic.html
From the Ecomonic Policy Institute, this report studies the differences in efficacy among public and private schools, and finds the most significant variations in schools are the social, cultural, and economic differences between communities, not between public and private schools in the same community.

Cultural Competence for Teachers, A Report on Approaches in Other States
http://www.ous.edu/aca/cultcomp2.htm
The Oregon University System conducted a survery of the teacher certification requirements in 24 states to ascertain their "cultural competence" requirements for teacher licensure. The report lists states with no certification requirements, generic requirements, and course work requirements, use of NCATE standards, and specific requirements.

The Hispanic Population in the United States
http://www.census.gov/population/socdemo/hispanic/p20-535/p20-535.pdf
This report was published by the U.S. Census Bureau in March of 2000. A category in the report, Educational Attainment, includes these summaries: "More than two and five Hispanics have not graduated from high school" and "Educational attainment varies amount Latinos".

Statistics

"A Statistical Profile of Hispanic Older Americans Aged 65+"
http://www.aoa.gov/aoa/STATS/Stat-FS/Facts-on-Hispanic-Elderly.html
Nearly 35 million Americans are age 65 and over. Three in five people in this age group are women. Over the next forty years, the number of people age 65 and older is expected to double and the number of people age 85 and older is expected to triple. Along with general trends for America’s population, Hispanic populations are living longer.